Figure 1. Typical Performance Monitoring System Screen Image.
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Source: TAS.
also individual (component or function)
performance data that can help plant
operators determine where best to optimize. Performance monitoring systems
are designed to monitor, on average, 30+
data values on a typical packaged central
plant system. Key data values include the
temperature of the chilled water as it
enters and leaves the plant and the flow
rate of the condenser and chilled-water
streams. For a validating heat balance
according to the ARI 550 standard, the
temperature and flow of the cooling water
are also among the key data tracked.
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A typical central plant will
operate less efficiently if its
characteristics are not monitored
and corrected as performance
variances begin to occur.
sources are measured independently and
summed for the calculation. Additional
data points measured include ambient
dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature and load flow, as well as supply
temperature and return temperature.
Dual sensing of all water temperatures
allows a cross-check for accuracy. All
instrumentation is calibrated to National
Institute of Standards and Technology
standards.
During normal daily operation, a typical central plant will operate less efficiently
if its characteristics are not monitored
and corrected as performance variances
begin to occur. System degradation is
normal and expected when you have
multiple components interdependent of
each other within a complex system. An
efficiency degradation of 5 percent within a year of installation or optimization
is not uncommon. Like any other complex
system, a central plant requires inspection and maintenance to ensure optimal
operating performance.
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Power is measured at the entry of the
central plant’s power distribution system.
The primary energy (electricity) measure
is kilowatts (instantaneous demand). The
chiller temperature is measured independently of all other equipment to record
chiller efficiency performance and allow
for heat balance kilowatt input. All energy
Step 2: Analyze Operating
Performance
Once you begin compiling chilled-water plant operating data, you can begin
to evaluate those data and plan corrective
action. Being able to measure individual
performance characteristics and proac-
